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, Sophie Braznell, PhD Tobacco Control Research Group, Department for Health, University of Bath , Bath, UK Corresponding author: Sophie Braznell, Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK; seb91@bath.ac.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Louis Laurence, MBiolSCi Tobacco Control Research Group, Department for Health, University of Bath , Bath, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Iona Fitzpatrick, PhD Tobacco Control Research Group, Department for Health, University of Bath , Bath, UK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Anna B Gilmore Tobacco Control Research Group, Department for Health, University of Bath , Bath, UK SPECTRUM (Shaping Public Health Policies to Reduce Inequalities and Harm) Consortium Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic
Nicotine & Tobacco Research, ntae101, https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntae101
Published:
27 June 2024
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Received:
20 September 2023
Published:
27 June 2024
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Sophie Braznell, Louis Laurence, Iona Fitzpatrick, Anna B Gilmore, “Keep it a secret”: leaked documents suggest Philip Morris International, and its Japanese affiliate, continue to exploit science for profit, Nicotine & Tobacco Research, 2024;, ntae101, https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntae101
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Abstract
Introduction
The tobacco industry has a long history of manipulating science to conceal the harms of its products. As part of its proclaimed transformation, the world’s largest tobacco company, Philip Morris International (PMI), states it conducts “transparent science”. This paper uses recently leaked documents from PMI and its Japanese affiliate, Philip Morris Japan (PMJ), to examine its contemporary scientific practices.
Methods
23 documents dating 2012 through 2020 available from Truth Tobacco Industry Documents Library were examined using Forster's hermeneutic approach to analysing corporate documentation. Thematic analysis using the Science for Profit Model was conducted to assess whether PMI/PMJ employed known corporate strategies to influence science in their interests.
Results
PMJ contracted a third-party external research organisation, CMIC, to covertly fund a study on smoking cessation conducted by Kyoto University academics. No public record of PMJ’s funding or involvement in this study was found. PMJ paid life sciences consultancy, FTI-Innovations, ¥3,000,000 (approx. £20,000) a month between 2014 and 2019 to undertake extensive science-adjacent work, including building relationships with key scientific opinion leaders and using academic events to promote PMI’s science, products and messaging. FTI-Innovation’s work was hidden internally and externally. These activities resemble known strategies to influence the conduct, publication and reach of science, and conceal scientific activities.
Conclusions
The documents reveal PMI/PMJ’s recent activities mirror past practices to manipulate science, undermining PMI’s proclaimed transformation. Tobacco industry scientific practices remain a threat to public health, highlighting the urgent need for reform to protect science from the tobacco industry’s vested interests.
Implications: Japan is a key market for PMI, being a launch market for IQOS and having the highest heated tobacco product use globally. Our findings, in conjunction with other recent evidence, challenge PMI’s assertion that it is a source of credible science and cast doubt on the quality and ethical defensibility of its research, especially its studies conducted in Japan. This, in turn, brings into question the true public health impacts of its products. There is urgent need to reform the way tobacco-related science is funded and conducted. Implementation of models through which research can be funded using the industry’s profits while minimising its influence should be explored.
Accepted manuscripts
Accepted manuscripts are PDF versions of the author’s final manuscript, as accepted for publication by the journal but prior to copyediting or typesetting. They can be cited using the author(s), article title, journal title, year of online publication, and DOI. They will be replaced by the final typeset articles, which may therefore contain changes. The DOI will remain the same throughout.
This content is only available as a PDF.
© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Original Investigation
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